Why do many buildings use architectural curtain walls?

What is a building curtain wall? Different from infill walls, building curtain walls have the following characteristics: 1. It is a complete structural system composed of panels and supporting structures. 2. It can withstand large deformations on its own plane, or has sufficient displacement capacity relative to the main structure. 3. It is an enclosure structure that does not share the load and function of the main structure. The curtain wall is usually composed of panels (glass, aluminum, slate, ceramic plates, etc.). Supporting structure behind (aluminum beam column, steel structure, glass ribs, etc.). ). The external wall system is supported on the main structure and usually surrounds the main structure. Due to the wide seams between the slabs, the connection between the slabs and the horizontal beams and columns has the ability to move, and the curtain wall can withstand 1/100 of the large deformation in the plane. If the curtain wall and the main structure are connected by bolts, rocker arms and spring mechanisms, there will be a relatively large relative displacement between the two. Even if the lateral displacement of the main structure reaches 1/60, the curtain wall will not be destroyed. Second, the curtain wall is needed to resist temperature changes. When the external temperature changes, the structure shrinks and expands. If no measures are taken, the structure will be squeezed and crushed in summer, and cracks and fractures will appear in winter. Therefore, long roads should be divided into joints, and long buildings should also be divided into several parts with temperature joints to reduce the impact of temperature changes. Long buildings can be divided into vertical temperature joints; however, high-rise buildings cannot be divided into horizontal joints because the floor after horizontal joints cannot be hung. Since the temperature change problem of high-rise buildings cannot be solved by a segmented method, there is only one solution: to seal the entire structure with building curtain walls, keep the structure indoors, no longer change the temperature, will not cause damage to the structure, and ensure the main body The safety of the structure is one of the main reasons why high-rise buildings must use building curtain walls. Traditional brick walls and block walls are filled on the plane of beams and columns. Some beams and columns are exposed to the outdoor atmosphere and are directly affected by temperature changes. Therefore, infill walls cannot solve the problem of temperature changes and are difficult to use in high-rise buildings. Third, how to achieve energy saving and consumption reduction of curtain walls. As a large family with high energy consumption, the energy saving of glass curtain walls is an urgent problem that most curtain wall engineers and door and window workers need to solve. So, how to save energy to the utmost extent in general glass curtain wall projects? The first is to choose new energy-saving glass materials; the second is to use low-amplitude glass and multifunctional coated glass; the third is to use thin-film heat-reflective composite glass; the fourth is to do a good job of glass sunshade design. At present, the main measures to improve the insulation and moisturizing performance of glass curtain walls are: the glass mainly adopts low-E glass, heat-reflective glass, insulating glass, multi-screen insulating glass and other glass treatment technologies to reduce the direct radiation of solar glass; profiles mainly adopt aluminum-plastic composite Materials, hot aluminum profiles and other high heat-resistant materials.
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