Beryllium bronze: Beryllium bronze is a copper-based alloy containing beryllium (Be0.2～2.75%wt%). It is the most widely used of all beryllium alloys. Its consumption has exceeded the total consumption of beryllium in the world today. 70%. Beryllium bronze is a precipitation hardening alloy with high strength, hardness, elastic limit and fatigue limit after solution aging treatment, small elastic hysteresis, and corrosion resistance (corrosion resistance rate of beryllium bronze alloy in seawater: (1.1-1.4) ×10-2mm/year. Corrosion depth: (10.9-13.8)×10-3mm/year.) After corrosion, the strength and elongation of the beryllium bronze alloy remain unchanged, so it can be maintained in seawater for more than 40 years. It is an irreplaceable material for the submarine cable repeater structure. In sulfuric acid medium: the annual corrosion depth of beryllium bronze in sulfuric acid with a concentration of less than 80% (room temperature) is 0.0012 to 0.1175mm, and the corrosion is slightly accelerated if the concentration is greater than 80%. The effect of impurity elements on the properties of beryllium bronze (1) Magnesium reduces the solubility of beryllium in solid copper. Add 0.2%～05% Mg to beryllium bronze containing 0.2% Be, and a low melting point eutectic Cu2Mg+ will appear on the alloy grain boundaries. Cu, whose melting point is about 730°C, makes the material easy to crack during thermal processing. Adding 0.02%～0.15% Mg to QBe1.9 and QBe2 alloys can not only refine the grains, but also make the γ2 phase particles smaller and evenly distributed, and improve the mechanical properties and stability of the materials. A small amount of magnesium has no effect on the solderability and corrosion resistance of beryllium bronze. (2) Iron Generally, the Fe content of beryllium bronze should be less than 0.4%. Excessive iron content will not only form an iron-containing phase, increase the uneven structure of the alloy, reduce its corrosion resistance, but also reduce the supersaturation of Be in the α solid solution, that is, reduce the precipitation hardening effect of the alloy; however, iron It can refine the crystal grains, and the solid solution Fe can delay the decomposition of supersaturated solid solution, and significantly inhibit the crystal reaction. (3) Tin A small amount of tin can be dissolved in the α solid liquid of beryllium bronze, delaying the decomposition of supersaturated solid solution, significantly inhibiting the discontinuous precipitation of grain boundaries, and preventing overaging. Therefore, tin can be used to replace part of beryllium, such as 1.3%Be, 0.25 The mechanical properties of copper alloys of %Co, 3%Sn, and 1%Zn are equivalent to those of QBe2 bronze, and have high machinability. (4) Manganese can form a compound MnBe2 dissolved in α solid solution with beryllium. The maximum solubility at the eutectic temperature of 782℃ is 7.3%, and it will decrease significantly with the decrease of temperature, so the alloy has obvious Precipitation hardening effect. Mn has no significant effect on the mechanical properties of beryllium bronze with high Be content, but it has a positive effect on alloys with low Be content alone. (5) Silver adding 0.9% to 1.1% Ag to beryllium bronze containing 0.25% to 0.5% Be and 1.4% to 1.7% Co can not only improve the room temperature strength of the alloy after aging, but also keep the alloy with high electrical conductivity ( (50%～55%). This alloy is a good material for manufacturing welding motors. (6) Silicon When the alloy contains both Co and Si, it can form CoSi, Co2Si, Co3Si5 and CoSi2 compounds after reaching a certain ratio , Improve the strength of the alloy. When the silicon content is large enough, it can form a hard and brittle eutectic with Be, which greatly reduces the toughness of the material. (7) A small amount of
aluminum (0.4% to 0.8%) aluminum slightly makes Cu- The mechanical properties of 2%Be alloys have increased. (8) Phosphorus promotes the growth of Cu-Be alloy grains during the heating process, accelerates the decomposition of solid solution, generates fusible substances distributed in the grain boundaries, reduces the alloy’s thermal hardness, and improves its performance. Cutting performance. (9) Adding 0.1%～0.2% As arsenic to beryllium bronze promotes the grain boundary reaction and over-aging softening process, but if 0.01% As is added, the effect is opposite. (10) Lead is added to beryllium bronze 0.2 %～0.3%Pb, usually can significantly improve its machinability, such as C17300 alloy. In addition, beryllium bronze containing 1.8%～2.0%Be, 0.2%～0.25%Co, 0.2%～0.3%Pb is used to make watch gears Good material. Pb accelerates the grain boundary reaction of beryllium bronze and promotes softening.————The article comes from the Internet. If there is any infringement, please contact to delete it.
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